Metals and Non-metals | 10th Science Chapter 3 Solution

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NCERT 10th Science 
Chapter 3 
Metals and Non-metals 

Questions at a glance

Section A

Q.1 Differentiate between metal and non-metal on the basis of their physical properties.
Q.2 What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.
OR
Explain amphoteric nature by giving chemical equation.
Q.3 Differentiate between minerals and ores.
Q.4 What is Reactivity Series? Make a list of it.
Q.5 Differentiate between metal and non-metal on the basis of their chemical properties.
Q.6 What is Thermit Reaction? Write its uses.
Q.7 Explain the Electrolytic refining of copper with neat and clean diagram.
Q.8 Explain the steps involved in the extraction of metals from ores.
Q.9 Write a note for the following-
a. Roasting
b. Calcination
c. Anode mud
d. Ionic compound
e. Covalent compound
f. Gangue
Q.10. Why is sodium kept immersed in kerosene oil?
Q.11 Write equations for the reactions of
(i) iron with steam
(ii) calcium and potassium with water
Q.12. Which gas is produced when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a reactive metal? Write the chemical reaction when iron reacts with dilute H2SO4.
Q.13 What would you observe when zinc is added to a solution of iron (II) sulphate?
Write the chemical reaction that takes place.
Q.14 Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?
Q.15 Name two metals which are found in nature in the free state.
Q.16. Write the electron-dot structures for sodium, oxygen and magnesium.
Q.17. Show the formation of by the transfer of electron.
Q.18 What chemical process is used for obtaining a metal from its oxide?
Q.19. Which metals do not corrode easily?
Q.20. What are alloys? Explain with example.
Section - B
Q.1 Write the properties of ionic compounds-
Q.2 Name two metals which will displace hydrogen from dilute acids, and two metals which will not.
Q.3 In the electrolytic refining of a metal M, what would you take as the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte?
Q.4 Write any five physical properties of metals.
Q.5 What type of oxides are formed when non-metals combine with oxygen?
Q.6 Give an example of a metal which
(i) is a liquid at room temperature.
(ii) can be easily cut with a knife.
(iii) is the best conductor of heat.
(iv) is a poor conductor of heat.
Q.7 Explain the meanings of malleable and ductile.
Q.8. Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions?
(a) solution and copper metal (b) Mg solution and aluminium metal
(c) solution and silver metal (d) solution and copper metal.
Q.9 Which of the following methods is suitable for preventing an iron frying pan from rusting?
(a) Applying grease (b) Applying paint
(c) Applying a coating of zinc (d) all of the above.
Q.10 An element reacts with oxygen to give a compound with a high melting point. This compound is also soluble in water. The element is likely to be
(a) calcium (b) carbon (c) silicon (d) iron
Q.11 Food cans are coated with tin and not with zinc because
(a) zinc is costlier than tin. (b) zinc has a higher melting point than tin.
(c) zinc is more reactive than tin. (d) zinc is less reactive than tin.
Q.12 You are given a hammer, a battery, a bulb, wires and a switch.
(a) How could you use them to distinguish between samples of metals and non-metals?
(b) Assess the usefulness of these tests in distinguishing between metals and nonmetals. Answer
Q.13 State two ways to prevent the rusting of iron.
Q.14 Give reasons
(a) Platinum, gold and silver are used to make jewellery.
(b) Sodium, potassium and lithium are stored under oil.
(c) Aluminium is a highly reactive metal, yet it is used to make utensils for cooking.
(d) Carbonate and sulphide ores are usually converted into oxides during the process of
Q.15 Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?
Q.16. What are the constituents of solder alloy? Which property of solder makes it suitable for welding electrical wires ?
Q.17 Give reasons why copper is used to make hot water tanks and not steel (an alloy of iron).
Q. 18. What is Sonorous ?
Q.19. What are amalgams ?
Q.20. What are Thermit reactions ?
Q. 21. Why should the metal sulphides and carbonates be converted to metal oxides in the process of extraction of metals from them ?
Q.22. Generally, when metals are treated with mineral acids, hydrogen gas is liberated but when metals (except Mn and Mg) treated with HN, hydrogen is not liberated, why?

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